C LAB‎ > ‎(Sem2) Data Structures‎ > ‎

Qx18. WAP to add two polynomials using Header Linked Lists

posted Mar 19, 2011, 2:13 AM by Neil Mathew   [ updated Mar 19, 2011, 2:21 AM ]

SOURCE CODE:

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#include<stdlib.h>
 
struct node
{
       int coeff; //coefficient
       int exp;  //exponent
       struct node * next;
 
}*ptr;
 
void INS(int exp,int coeff,struct node* start)
{
       if( coeff!=0 ) // If coeff is zero, node need not be created.
      {  
        
        struct node* newnode;
        newnode=(struct node*) malloc( sizeof(struct node) );
        
        newnode->coeff=coeff;
        newnode->exp=exp;
        newnode->next=NULL;
        
        ptr=start;
        while(ptr->next!=NULL) //points ptr to the last node
        ptr=ptr->next;
        
        ptr->next = newnode;
        
      }
}
 
void INPUT(struct node* start)
{
     int exp,coeff;
      
      printf("\n Enter the highest exponent: ");
      scanf("%d",&exp);
      printf("\n");
      
      while(exp>=0)
      {       
       printf(" Enter the Coefficient of X^%d : ",exp);
       scanf("%d",&coeff);
       
       INS(exp,coeff,start);
       exp--;
      }; 
 
}
 
void ADD(struct node*start1,struct node*start2,struct node*start3)
{
     struct node *ptr1;
     struct node *ptr2;
     
     ptr1=start1->next;
     ptr2=start2->next;
     
        // I based it on the same principle followed in Merge Sort
        
     while(ptr1!=NULL && ptr2!=NULL) 
     {
     
      if( ptr1->exp > ptr2->exp )
      {
          INS(ptr1->exp, ptr1->coeff, start3);
          ptr1=ptr1->next;
      }
      else if( ptr2->exp > ptr1->exp )
      {
          INS(ptr2->exp, ptr2->coeff, start3);
          ptr2=ptr2->next;         
      }
      else // IF ptr1->exp = ptr2->exp
      { 
          INS( ptr1->exp, (ptr1->coeff + ptr2->coeff), start3);   
          ptr1=ptr1->next;
          ptr2=ptr2->next;
      }
     }
     
     while( ptr1!=NULL )
     {
          INS(ptr1->exp, ptr1->coeff, start3);
          ptr1=ptr1->next;
     }
     
     while( ptr2!=NULL )
     {
          INS(ptr2->exp, ptr2->coeff, start3);
          ptr2=ptr2->next;
     }
}
 
void DISPLAY(struct node *start)
{
     if(start->next==NULL)
     printf(" No Nodes. ");
     else
     {
         ptr=start;
         ptr=ptr->next; //Header Node's values not considered.
                 
        do
        {
                   
          if(ptr->exp==0) //formatting for constant
          printf(" %d",ptr->coeff); 
          else
          printf(" %dX^%d",ptr->coeff, ptr->exp);
          
          ptr=ptr->next;      
          
          if(ptr!=NULL)
          printf(" +");
        
        }
        while(ptr!=NULL);
        
     }
 
 
}
 
main()
{      
      struct node * start1;
      struct node * start2;
      struct node * start3;
      
      //Declaring the Header Node of First Polynomial.
      struct node* newnode1;
      newnode1= (struct node *) malloc( sizeof(struct node) );
      
      newnode1->coeff=0;
      newnode1->exp=-1;
      newnode1->next=NULL;
      
      if(newnode1==NULL)
      {
      printf(" No Memory available. ");
      exit(0);
      }
      
      start1=newnode1;
      
      //Declaring the Header Node of Second Polynomial.
      struct node* newnode2;
      newnode2= (struct node *) malloc( sizeof(struct node) );
      
      newnode2->coeff=0;
      newnode2->exp=-1;
      newnode2->next=NULL;
      
      if(newnode2==NULL)
      {
      printf(" No Memory available. ");
      exit(0);
      }
      
      start2=newnode2;
      
      //Declaring the Header Node of Resultant Polynomial.
      struct node* newnode3;
      newnode3= (struct node *) malloc( sizeof(struct node) );
      
      newnode3->coeff=0;
      newnode3->exp=-1;
      newnode3->next=NULL;
      
      if(newnode3==NULL)
      {
      printf(" No Memory available. ");
      exit(0);
      }
      
      start3=newnode3;
      
      //Others
      printf("\n The polynomial in the format :");
      printf(" 5X^3 + 2X^2 + 7X^1 + 13 ");
      
      printf("\n\n First Polynomial: ");
      INPUT(start1);
      
      printf("\n Second Polynomial: ");
      INPUT(start2);    
      
      printf("\n Polynomial 1: ");
      DISPLAY(start1);
      
      printf("\n Polynomial 2: ");
      DISPLAY(start2);
      
      ADD(start1, start2, start3);
      
      printf("\n\n After Addition: ");
      printf("\n Resultant Polynomial: ");
      DISPLAY(start3);
      
      //getch();
      
}
     
 

OUTPUT:


 The polynomial in the format : 5X^3 + 2X^2 + 7X^1 + 13

 First Polynomial:
 Enter the highest exponent: 3

 Enter the Coefficient of X^3 : 12
 Enter the Coefficient of X^2 : 15
 Enter the Coefficient of X^1 : 0
 Enter the Coefficient of X^0 : 20

 Second Polynomial:
 Enter the highest exponent: 5

 Enter the Coefficient of X^5 : 20
 Enter the Coefficient of X^4 : 20
 Enter the Coefficient of X^3 : 8
 Enter the Coefficient of X^2 : 5
 Enter the Coefficient of X^1 : 20
 Enter the Coefficient of X^0 : 0

 Polynomial 1:  12X^3 + 15X^2 + 20
 Polynomial 2:  20X^5 + 20X^4 + 8X^3 + 5X^2 + 20X^1

 After Addition:
 Resultant Polynomial:  20X^5 + 20X^4 + 20X^3 + 20X^2 + 20X^1 + 20

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