Qx19. WAP to perform Quick Sort.

posted May 2, 2011, 11:46 AM by Neil Mathew   [ updated May 2, 2011, 11:50 AM ]


SOURCE CODE:

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#include<stdio.h>
 
void QuickSort(int *a, int first, int last)
{
     int low, high, pivot,temp,i;
     
     low=first;
     high=last;
     int pivot_pos= (int) (low+high)/2;
     
     pivot=a[pivot_pos];
     
printf("\n\n | First=%d | Last=%d | Pivot=%d | \n",first, last, pivot);
     
     while( low < high )
     {
      
       printf("\n Pass : ");
       for(i=first; i<=last; i++)
       printf(" %d",a[i]);
       
      
      while( a[low] < pivot )
      { low++; }
      
      while( a[high] > pivot )
      { high--;}
      
      if(low<high)
      { //swapping a[low] and a[high]
       temp=a[low];
       a[low]=a[high];
       a[high]=temp;
      }
         
     }
          
       if( first < high-1  )
       QuickSort(a,first,high-1); //last=high-1
     
       if( last > low+1 )
       QuickSort(a,low+1,last); //first=low+1
     
     
}  
 
 
int main()
{
    int i;
    int n;
    int a[20];
    
    printf("\n Enter the number of elements: ");
    scanf("%d",&n);
    
    printf("\n Enter the elements: ");
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    
    printf("\n\n Steps in Sorting: ");
    QuickSort(a,0,n-1);
    
    printf("\n\n After Sorting:");
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    printf(" %d",a[i]);
    
}
 

OUTPUT:

  
 Enter the number of elements: 6

 Enter the elements: 6 0 8 2 4 10


 Steps in Sorting:

 | First=0 | Last=5 | Pivot=8 |

 Pass :  6 0 8 2 4 10
 Pass :  6 0 4 2 8 10

 | First=0 | Last=3 | Pivot=0 |

 Pass :  6 0 4 2
 Pass :  0 6 4 2

 | First=1 | Last=3 | Pivot=4 |

 Pass :  6 4 2
 Pass :  2 4 6

 After Sorting: 0 2 4 6 8 10






Qxx1. WAP to convert decimal to binary using recursion.

posted Apr 26, 2011, 8:59 AM by Neil Mathew   [ updated Apr 26, 2011, 9:07 AM ]

SOURCE CODE:

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#include<stdio.h>
 
void Dec2Bin(int num)
{
    int z;
    
    if(num>=0)
    {
    // conditions to find the remainder 
    // then recall (if not at end) then print
         
    if(num<2 && num>=0)
    {
    z=num;
    }
    else
    {
    z=num%2;
    num/=2;
    Dec2Bin(num);
    }  
    printf("%d",z);
 
    }
}
 
 
int main()
{
    int num;
    scanf("%d",&num);
    
    printf("\n Binary: ");
    Dec2Bin(num);
    
}
 

OUTPUT:

9

 Binary: 1001



Qx18. WAP to add two polynomials using Header Linked Lists

posted Mar 19, 2011, 2:13 AM by Neil Mathew   [ updated Mar 19, 2011, 2:21 AM ]


SOURCE CODE:

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#include<stdlib.h>
 
struct node
{
       int coeff; //coefficient
       int exp;  //exponent
       struct node * next;
 
}*ptr;
 
void INS(int exp,int coeff,struct node* start)
{
       if( coeff!=0 ) // If coeff is zero, node need not be created.
      {  
        
        struct node* newnode;
        newnode=(struct node*) malloc( sizeof(struct node) );
        
        newnode->coeff=coeff;
        newnode->exp=exp;
        newnode->next=NULL;
        
        ptr=start;
        while(ptr->next!=NULL) //points ptr to the last node
        ptr=ptr->next;
        
        ptr->next = newnode;
        
      }
}
 
void INPUT(struct node* start)
{
     int exp,coeff;
      
      printf("\n Enter the highest exponent: ");
      scanf("%d",&exp);
      printf("\n");
      
      while(exp>=0)
      {       
       printf(" Enter the Coefficient of X^%d : ",exp);
       scanf("%d",&coeff);
       
       INS(exp,coeff,start);
       exp--;
      }; 
 
}
 
void ADD(struct node*start1,struct node*start2,struct node*start3)
{
     struct node *ptr1;
     struct node *ptr2;
     
     ptr1=start1->next;
     ptr2=start2->next;
     
        // I based it on the same principle followed in Merge Sort
        
     while(ptr1!=NULL && ptr2!=NULL) 
     {
     
      if( ptr1->exp > ptr2->exp )
      {
          INS(ptr1->exp, ptr1->coeff, start3);
          ptr1=ptr1->next;
      }
      else if( ptr2->exp > ptr1->exp )
      {
          INS(ptr2->exp, ptr2->coeff, start3);
          ptr2=ptr2->next;         
      }
      else // IF ptr1->exp = ptr2->exp
      { 
          INS( ptr1->exp, (ptr1->coeff + ptr2->coeff), start3);   
          ptr1=ptr1->next;
          ptr2=ptr2->next;
      }
     }
     
     while( ptr1!=NULL )
     {
          INS(ptr1->exp, ptr1->coeff, start3);
          ptr1=ptr1->next;
     }
     
     while( ptr2!=NULL )
     {
          INS(ptr2->exp, ptr2->coeff, start3);
          ptr2=ptr2->next;
     }
}
 
void DISPLAY(struct node *start)
{
     if(start->next==NULL)
     printf(" No Nodes. ");
     else
     {
         ptr=start;
         ptr=ptr->next; //Header Node's values not considered.
                 
        do
        {
                   
          if(ptr->exp==0) //formatting for constant
          printf(" %d",ptr->coeff); 
          else
          printf(" %dX^%d",ptr->coeff, ptr->exp);
          
          ptr=ptr->next;      
          
          if(ptr!=NULL)
          printf(" +");
        
        }
        while(ptr!=NULL);
        
     }
 
 
}
 
main()
{      
      struct node * start1;
      struct node * start2;
      struct node * start3;
      
      //Declaring the Header Node of First Polynomial.
      struct node* newnode1;
      newnode1= (struct node *) malloc( sizeof(struct node) );
      
      newnode1->coeff=0;
      newnode1->exp=-1;
      newnode1->next=NULL;
      
      if(newnode1==NULL)
      {
      printf(" No Memory available. ");
      exit(0);
      }
      
      start1=newnode1;
      
      //Declaring the Header Node of Second Polynomial.
      struct node* newnode2;
      newnode2= (struct node *) malloc( sizeof(struct node) );
      
      newnode2->coeff=0;
      newnode2->exp=-1;
      newnode2->next=NULL;
      
      if(newnode2==NULL)
      {
      printf(" No Memory available. ");
      exit(0);
      }
      
      start2=newnode2;
      
      //Declaring the Header Node of Resultant Polynomial.
      struct node* newnode3;
      newnode3= (struct node *) malloc( sizeof(struct node) );
      
      newnode3->coeff=0;
      newnode3->exp=-1;
      newnode3->next=NULL;
      
      if(newnode3==NULL)
      {
      printf(" No Memory available. ");
      exit(0);
      }
      
      start3=newnode3;
      
      //Others
      printf("\n The polynomial in the format :");
      printf(" 5X^3 + 2X^2 + 7X^1 + 13 ");
      
      printf("\n\n First Polynomial: ");
      INPUT(start1);
      
      printf("\n Second Polynomial: ");
      INPUT(start2);    
      
      printf("\n Polynomial 1: ");
      DISPLAY(start1);
      
      printf("\n Polynomial 2: ");
      DISPLAY(start2);
      
      ADD(start1, start2, start3);
      
      printf("\n\n After Addition: ");
      printf("\n Resultant Polynomial: ");
      DISPLAY(start3);
      
      //getch();
      
}
     
 

OUTPUT:


 The polynomial in the format : 5X^3 + 2X^2 + 7X^1 + 13

 First Polynomial:
 Enter the highest exponent: 3

 Enter the Coefficient of X^3 : 12
 Enter the Coefficient of X^2 : 15
 Enter the Coefficient of X^1 : 0
 Enter the Coefficient of X^0 : 20

 Second Polynomial:
 Enter the highest exponent: 5

 Enter the Coefficient of X^5 : 20
 Enter the Coefficient of X^4 : 20
 Enter the Coefficient of X^3 : 8
 Enter the Coefficient of X^2 : 5
 Enter the Coefficient of X^1 : 20
 Enter the Coefficient of X^0 : 0

 Polynomial 1:  12X^3 + 15X^2 + 20
 Polynomial 2:  20X^5 + 20X^4 + 8X^3 + 5X^2 + 20X^1

 After Addition:
 Resultant Polynomial:  20X^5 + 20X^4 + 20X^3 + 20X^2 + 20X^1 + 20

Qx17. WAP to perform Merge Sort.

posted Mar 15, 2011, 4:14 AM by Neil Mathew   [ updated Mar 15, 2011, 10:04 AM ]


SOURCE CODE:

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#include<stdio.h>
 
void MergeSort(int *a, int m, int *b, int n, int *c)
{
     int i=0,j=0,k=0;
     
     while( i<m && j<n)
     {
            if( a[i] <= b[j] )
            {
                c[k++]=a[i++];
            }
            else
            {
                c[k++]=b[j++];
            }
     }
     
     if( i<m )
     {
         while( i<m )
         c[k++]=a[i++];
     }
     else if( j<n )
     {
          while(j<n)
          c[k++]=b[j++];
     }
     
}
 
 
 
int main()
{
    int a[50],b[50],c[100];
    int i,m,n;
    
    printf("\n Enter the Size of Array A: ");
    scanf("%d",&m);
    
    printf("\n Enter the Elements (In Ascending Order) : ");
    for(i=0; i<m; i++)
    scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    
    printf("\n Enter the Size of Array B: ");
    scanf("%d",&n);
    
    printf("\n Enter the Elements (In Ascending Order) : ");
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    scanf("%d",&b[i]);
    
    MergeSort(a,m,b,n,c);
    
    printf("\n The Merged & Sorted Array C: ");
    for(i=0; i<(m+n); i++)
    printf(" %d",c[i]);
    
}
    
    
    
 

OUTPUT:



 Enter the Size of Array A: 6

 Enter the Elements (In Ascending Order) : 0 2 4 6 8 10

 Enter the Size of Array B: 5

 Enter the Elements (In Ascending Order) : 1 3 5 7 9

 The Merged & Sorted Array C:  0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10


Qx16. WAP to perform searching, sorting, insertion and deletion (Sorted) in Array.

posted Mar 15, 2011, 1:41 AM by Neil Mathew   [ updated Mar 15, 2011, 3:23 AM ]

SOURCE CODE:

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#include <stdio.h>
 
int n; //size of array
 
int BSearch(int *a,int ITEM) 
{
    int beg=0,end=n-1;
    int mid;
    
    while( beg<=end )
    {
     mid=(beg+end)/2;
     
     if(a[mid]==ITEM)
     return mid;
     else if( a[mid] < ITEM )
     beg=mid+1;
     else
     end=mid-1;
    }
    
    return -1;
}
 
void SSort(int *a)
{
    int i,j,temp;
    
    for(i=0; i<n-1; i++)
    {
     for(j=i+1; j<n; j++)
     {  
      if(a[i]>a[j])
      {
       temp=a[i];
       a[i]=a[j];
       a[j]=temp;
      }
     }
    }
    
}
 
void DEL(int *a, int ITEM)
{
     int i;
     int pos=BSearch(a, ITEM);
     
     if(pos!=-1)
     {
     for(i=pos; i<n-1; i++)
     a[i]=a[i+1];
     n--;
     printf("\n Item Deleted. ");
     }
     else
     printf("\n Item not found. ");
}
 
void INS(int *a, int ITEM)
{
     int pos,i;
     
     //Finding the proper position for Sorted Array
     if(ITEM>a[n-1])
     pos=n;
     else if(ITEM<a[0])
     pos=0;
     else
     {
         for(i=0; i<n-1; i++)
         if(a[i]<=ITEM && a[i+1]>=ITEM)
         {
          pos=i+1; 
          break;
         }
     }
     
     //Shifting of elements to Insert the element.
     for(i=n; i>pos; i--)
     a[i]=a[i-1];
     
     a[pos]=ITEM;
     n++;
     printf("\n Item Inserted. ");
}
    
void Display(int *a)
{
      int i;
      for(i=0; i<n; i++)
      printf(" %d",a[i]);
} 
  
int main()
{
    int a[100],ch,pos,ITEM,i;
    
    printf("\n Enter the number of Elements: ");
    scanf("%d",&n);
    
    printf("\n Enter the Elements: ");
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    scanf("%d",&a[i]);
    
    do
    {
     printf("\n ______________________________________ ");
     printf("\n MENU:\n");
     printf("\n 1. Insert an element. ");
     printf("\n 2. Delete an element. ");
     printf("\n 3. Search for an element. ");
     printf("\n 4. Display elements. ");
     printf("\n 0. Exit. ");
     printf("\n Your Choice: ");
     scanf("%d",&ch);
     
     switch(ch)
     {
                      
      case 1: //INSERT
      printf("\n Enter the Item to Insert: ");
      scanf("%d",&ITEM);
      
      SSort(a);
      INS(a,ITEM);
      Display(a);
      
      break;
      
      case 2: //DELETE
      printf("\n Enter the Item to Delete: ");
      scanf("%d",&ITEM);
      
      SSort(a);
      DEL(a,ITEM);    
      Display(a);  
      
      break;
      
      case 3: //SEARCH
      printf("\n Enter the Item to Search: ");
      scanf("%d",&ITEM);
      
      SSort(a);
      pos=BSearch(a,ITEM);
      
      if(pos==-1)
      printf("\n Item not Found. ");
      else
      printf("\n Item found at %d position. ",pos+1);
      
      break;
 
      case 4: //DISPLAY
      printf("\n The Elements are: ");
      
      SSort(a);
      Display(a);
      
      break;
      
      case 0:
      printf("\n Exiting... ");
      break;
      }
 
      }while(ch!=0);
 
}
 

OUTPUT:


 Enter the number of Elements: 5

 Enter the Elements: 10 2 8 4 6

 ______________________________________
 MENU:

 1. Insert an element.
 2. Delete an element.
 3. Search for an element.
 4. Display elements.
 0. Exit.
 Your Choice: 4

 The Elements are:  2 4 6 8 10
 ______________________________________
 MENU:

 1. Insert an element.
 2. Delete an element.
 3. Search for an element.
 4. Display elements.
 0. Exit.
 Your Choice: 1

 Enter the Item to Insert: 7

 Item Inserted.  2 4 6 7 8 10
 ______________________________________
 MENU:

 1. Insert an element.
 2. Delete an element.
 3. Search for an element.
 4. Display elements.
 0. Exit.
 Your Choice: 3

 Enter the Item to Search: 8

 Item found at 5 position.
 ______________________________________
 MENU:

 1. Insert an element.
 2. Delete an element.
 3. Search for an element.
 4. Display elements.
 0. Exit.
 Your Choice: 2

 Enter the Item to Delete: 4

 Item Deleted.  2 6 7 8 10
 ______________________________________
 MENU:

 1. Insert an element.
 2. Delete an element.
 3. Search for an element.
 4. Display elements.
 0. Exit.
 Your Choice: 0

 Exiting...

Qx15. WAP to Add, Subtract, Multiply two 2D Arrays.

posted Mar 15, 2011, 1:41 AM by Neil Mathew   [ updated Mar 15, 2011, 1:45 AM ]


SOURCE CODE:

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#include<stdio.h>
 
void Matrix_Display(int a[][20],int n)
{
     int i,j;
     for(i=0; i<n; i++)
     {        
      for(j=0; j<n; j++)
       {
        printf(" %d",a[i][j]);   
       }
      printf("\n");
     }
 
}
 
int main()
{
    int n,i,j,k;
    int a[20][20];
    int b[20][20];
    int c[20][20];
    
    printf("\n Enter the dimensions of the 2 Square matrices: ");
    scanf("%d",&n);
    
    printf("\n Enter elements of Matrix A: ");
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    for(j=0; j<n; j++)
    scanf("%d",&a[i][j]);
    
    printf("\n Enter elements of Matrix B: ");
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    for(j=0; j<n; j++)
    scanf("%d",&b[i][j]);
    
    printf("\n Matrix A: \n");
    Matrix_Display(a,n);
           
    printf("\n\n Matrix B: \n");
    Matrix_Display(b,n);
    
    //Addition
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    for(j=0; j<n; j++)
    c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];
    
    printf("\n\n Addition of A and B gives: \n");
    Matrix_Display(c,n);
    
     //Subtraction
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    for(j=0; j<n; j++)
    c[i][j]=a[i][j]-b[i][j];
    
    printf("\n\n Subtraction of A and B gives: \n");
    Matrix_Display(c,n);
    
    //Multiplication
    for(i=0; i<n; i++)
    for(j=0; j<n; j++)
    {
     c[i][j]=0;
     for(k=0; k<n; k++)
     c[i][j]+=a[i][k]*b[k][j];
    }
    
    printf("\n\n Multiplication of A and B gives: \n");
    Matrix_Display(c,n);
       
}
 

OUTPUT:

 Enter the dimensions of the 2 Square matrices: 2

 Enter elements of Matrix A: 1 2 3 4

 Enter elements of Matrix B: 4 3 2 1

 Matrix A:
 1 2
 3 4


 Matrix B:
 4 3
 2 1


 Addition of A and B gives:
 5 5
 5 5


 Subtraction of A and B gives:
 -3 -1
 1 3


 Multiplication of A and B gives:
 8 5
 20 13


Qx14. WAP to implement Doubly LL.

posted Mar 13, 2011, 10:24 AM by Neil Mathew   [ updated Mar 13, 2011, 10:41 AM ]


SOURCE CODE:

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#include <stdlib.h>
 
int count;
 
struct node
{
       int info;
       struct node* next;
       struct node* prev;
}*start,*ptr;
 
int INS( int ITEM, int pos)
{
    struct node * newnode;
    newnode= (struct node*) malloc ( sizeof(struct node) );
    newnode->info=ITEM;
    newnode->next=NULL;
    newnode->prev=NULL;
    
    // ERROR HANDLING #1 - Overflow?
    if(newnode==NULL)
    {
     printf("\n No Memory Left to create a node. ");
     return 0;
    }
    
    //ERROR HANDLING #2 - Position Overlimits
    if( pos<=0 || pos>count+1 )
    {
     printf("\n Position Entered Over limits. ");
     return 0;
    }
 
    // Condition 1: Entering the first node of LL
    if(start==NULL)
    {
     start=newnode;
     count=1;
    }
    // Condition 2: Entering node to the first position
    else if(pos==1)
    {
     newnode->next=start;
     start->prev=newnode;
     start=newnode;
     count++;
    }
    // Condition 3: Enterting a node to last position
    else if(pos==count+1)
    {
     int i;
     ptr=start;
     for(i=2; i<=pos-1; i++)
     ptr=ptr->next;
     
     newnode->next=ptr->next;
     newnode->prev=ptr;
     ptr->next=newnode;
     count++;
    }
    // Condition 4: Entering a node to any other position
    else
    {
     int i;
     ptr=start;
     for(i=2; i<=pos-1; i++)
     ptr=ptr->next;
     
     newnode->next=ptr->next;
     newnode->prev=ptr;
     (ptr->next)->prev=newnode; // Note Line.
     ptr->next=newnode;
     count++;
    }
    
 return 1;
}
 
int DEL(int pos)
{
    struct node *temp;
    
    // ERROR HANDLING #1 - Underflow
    if(start==NULL)
    {
     printf("\n There are no Nodes to delete. ");
     return 0;
    }
    
    // ERROR HANDLING #2 - Position Overlimits
    if( pos<=0 || pos>count )
    {
     printf("\n Position Entered Over limits. ");
     return 0;
    }
    
    // Condition 1: Deleting Node at 1st position OR Last Node in LL.
    if(pos==1)
    {
     temp=start;
     start=start->next;
     free(temp);
     count--;
    }
    // Condition 2: Deleting node at last position
    else if(pos==count)
    {
     for(ptr=start; ptr->next!=NULL; ptr=ptr->next);
     
     (ptr->prev)->next=NULL;
     printf("\n Deleting Node with value = %d" , ptr->info);
     free(ptr);
     
     count--;
    }   
    // Condition 3; Deleting node at any other position
    else
    {
     int i;
     ptr=start;
     for(i=2; i<=pos; i++)
     ptr=ptr->next;
     
     (ptr->prev)->next=ptr->next;
     (ptr->next)->prev=ptr->prev;
     printf("\n Deleting Node with value = %d",ptr->info);
     free(ptr);
     count--;
    }
    return 1;
}
int F_Traverse()
{
    if(start==NULL)
    {
     printf("\n There are no elements in this Linked List.");
     return 0;
    }
    
    printf("\n [");
    for(ptr=start; ptr!=NULL; ptr=ptr->next)
    printf(" - %d",ptr->info);
    printf(" - ]\n");
 
    return 1;
}
 
int R_Traverse()
{
    if(start==NULL)
    {
     printf("\n There are no elements in this Linked List.");
     return 0;
    }
    
    for(ptr=start; ptr->next!=NULL; ptr=ptr->next);
    
    printf("\n [");
    for(; ptr!=NULL; ptr=ptr->prev)
    printf(" - %d",ptr->info);
    printf(" - ]\n");
 
    return 1;
}
 
int Search(int ITEM)
{
    int i;
    for(i=1,ptr=start; ptr!=NULL; ptr=ptr->next,i++)
    if(ptr->info==ITEM)
    return i;
    
    return -1;
}
 
int main()
{
    int ch,success;
    int ITEM; int pos=1;
    
    start=NULL;
    count=0;
    
    do
    {
    printf("\n ___________________________________________________ ");
    printf("\n MENU: ");
    printf("\n\n 1. Insert a Node. ");
    printf("\n 2. Delete a Node. ");
    printf("\n 3. Forward Traversing the Doubly LL. ");
    printf("\n 4. Reverse Traversing the Doubly LL. ");
    printf("\n 5. Search for a node. ");
    printf("\n 0. EXIT. ");
    printf("\n\n Your Choice: ");
    scanf("%d", &ch);
 
    switch(ch)
    {
              case 1: //INSERT
              
              printf("\n Enter the Item to Insert: ");
              scanf("%d",&ITEM);
              
              if(start!=NULL)
              {
              printf("\n Enter the position: ");
              scanf("%d", &pos);
              }
              
              success=INS(ITEM, pos);
              break;
              
              case 2: //DELETE
              
              if(start!=NULL)
              {
              printf("\n Enter the position: ");
              scanf("%d", &pos);
              }
              success=DEL(pos);
              break;
              
              case 3: //Forward Traversing
              printf("\n The Elements: ");
              success=F_Traverse();
              break;
              
              case 4: //Reverse Traversing
              printf("\n The Elements: \n");
              success=R_Traverse();
              break;
              
              case 5: //Searching
              
              printf("\n Enter the Item to Search for: ");
              scanf("%d",&ITEM);
              pos=Search(ITEM);
              
              if(pos!=-1)
              printf("\n The Item is found at %d Position",pos);
              else
              printf("\n Item not found. ");
              
              break;
              
              case 0: 
              printf("\n Exiting... ");
    
    }
    }while(ch);
    
     return 1;
}
 

OUTPUT:

 ___________________________________________________
MENU: 1. Insert a Node. 2. Delete a Node. 3. Forward Traversing the Doubly LL. 4. Reverse Traversing the Doubly LL. 5. Search for a node. 0. EXIT. Your Choice: 1 Enter the Item to Insert: 23 ___________________________________________________ MENU: 1. Insert a Node. 2. Delete a Node. 3. Forward Traversing the Doubly LL. 4. Reverse Traversing the Doubly LL. 5. Search for a node. 0. EXIT. Your Choice: 1 Enter the Item to Insert: 12 Enter the position: 1 ___________________________________________________ MENU: 1. Insert a Node. 2. Delete a Node. 3. Forward Traversing the Doubly LL. 4. Reverse Traversing the Doubly LL. 5. Search for a node. 0. EXIT. Your Choice: 1 Enter the Item to Insert: 90 Enter the position: 3 ___________________________________________________ MENU: 1. Insert a Node. 2. Delete a Node. 3. Forward Traversing the Doubly LL. 4. Reverse Traversing the Doubly LL. 5. Search for a node. 0. EXIT. Your Choice: 3 The Elements: [ - 12 - 23 - 90 - ] ___________________________________________________ MENU: 1. Insert a Node. 2. Delete a Node. 3. Forward Traversing the Doubly LL. 4. Reverse Traversing the Doubly LL. 5. Search for a node. 0. EXIT. Your Choice: 4 The Elements: [ - 90 - 23 - 12 - ] ___________________________________________________ MENU: 1. Insert a Node. 2. Delete a Node. 3. Forward Traversing the Doubly LL. 4. Reverse Traversing the Doubly LL. 5. Search for a node. 0. EXIT. Your Choice: 5 Enter the Item to Search for: 12 The Item is found at 1 Position ___________________________________________________ MENU: 1. Insert a Node. 2. Delete a Node. 3. Forward Traversing the Doubly LL. 4. Reverse Traversing the Doubly LL. 5. Search for a node. 0. EXIT. Your Choice: 2 Enter the position: 1 ___________________________________________________ MENU: 1. Insert a Node. 2. Delete a Node. 3. Forward Traversing the Doubly LL. 4. Reverse Traversing the Doubly LL. 5. Search for a node. 0. EXIT. Your Choice: 3 The Elements: [ - 23 - 90 - ] ___________________________________________________ MENU: 1. Insert a Node. 2. Delete a Node. 3. Forward Traversing the Doubly LL. 4. Reverse Traversing the Doubly LL. 5. Search for a node. 0. EXIT. Your Choice: 0
 
Exiting...


Qx13. WAP to implement Singly Linked Lists.

posted Mar 12, 2011, 7:32 AM by Neil Mathew   [ updated Mar 12, 2011, 7:37 AM ]


SOURCE CODE:

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#include<stdio.h>
 
int count; // Total number of nodes in Singly Linked List.
 
struct node
{
       int info;
       struct node * next;
}*start,*ptr;
 
int INS(int ITEM, int pos)
{
    
     struct node * newnode;
     newnode= (struct node *) malloc ( sizeof(struct node) ) ;
     
     newnode->info=ITEM;
     newnode->next=NULL;
     
     // ERROR HANDLING #1 - No Memory Left (Overflow)
     if( newnode == NULL )
     {
      printf(" OVERFLOW: No Memory Left to create newnode. ");
      return 0;
     }
     
     // ERROR HANDLING #2 - Position Over Limits
     if( pos<=0 || pos>count+1 )
     {
      printf(" Position entered is over limits. ");
      return 0;
     }
     
     // Condition 1: First node of LL
     if( start==NULL )
     {
      start=newnode;
      count=1;
     }
     // Condition 2: Adding node to first position of LL
     else if( pos==1)
     {
      newnode->next=start;
      start=newnode;
      count++;   
     }
     // Condition 3: Adding node to any other position of LL
     else
     {    
     
      int i;
      ptr=start;
 
      for(i=2; i<=pos-1; i++)
      ptr=ptr->next;
        
      newnode->next = ptr->next;
      ptr->next = newnode;
      
      count++;
     }
        
     return 1; //successful 
}
 
int DEL(int pos)
{
    struct node *temp;
    
    //ERROR HANDLING #1 - Underflow
    if(start == NULL)
    {
     printf(" UNDERFLOW: No Node left to delete. ");
     return 0;
    }
    
    //ERROR HANDLING #2 - Position Over Limits
    if( pos<=0 || pos>count )
    {
     printf(" Position entered is over limits. ");
     return 0;
    }
    
 
    
    // Condition 1: Deleting First Node OR Last Remaining Node
    if( pos==1 )
    {
     temp=start;
     start=start->next;
     free(temp);
     count--;
    }
    // Condition 2: Deleting any other node
    else
    {
     int i;
     ptr=start;
     for(i=2; i<=pos-1; i++)
     ptr=ptr->next;
    
     temp=ptr->next;
     ptr->next=temp->next;
     free(temp);
     
     count--;
    }    
    
    return 1;
}
    
 
int TRAVERSE()
{  
 
   ptr=start;
   
   // ERROR HANDLING
   if(start==NULL)
   {
    printf(" Linked List Empty. No Nodes to display. ");
    return 0;
   }
 
   // TRAVERSING 
   int i;
   printf("\n [");
   for(i=1; i<=count; i++, ptr=ptr->next) 
   { 
    printf(" - %d",ptr->info); 
   }
   printf(" - ]");
   
   return 1;
} 
 
 
int main()
{
    int item,pos=1;
    int ch,success;
    start=NULL;
    count=0;
        
    do
    {
    printf("\n\n MENU:");
    printf("\n 1. Insert a node. ");
    printf("\n 2. Delete a node. ");
    printf("\n 3. Display the Singly Linked List. ");
    printf("\n 4. EXIT. \n Your Choice: ");
    scanf("%d",&ch);
    
    switch(ch)
    {
    case 1: //INSERT
        
    printf("\n ENTER ITEM: ");
    scanf("%d", &item);
    
    if(start!=NULL)
    { 
     printf("\n ENTER POSITION: ");
     scanf("%d", &pos);
    }
    
    success=INS(item,pos);
    break;
    
    case 2: //DELETE
    
    if(start!=NULL)
    { 
     printf("\n ENTER POSITION: ");
     scanf("%d", &pos);
    }
    
    success=DEL(pos);
    break;
    
    case 3: //DISPLAY
    printf("\n The Nodes: \n");
    success=TRAVERSE();
    break;
    
    case 4: 
    printf("\n Exiting.. ");
    break;
    
    default: printf(" INVALID CHOICE. ");
    }
    
    }
    while(ch!=4); //end of do while loop
    
    return 0;
}
 

OUTPUT:



 MENU:
 1. Insert a node.
 2. Delete a node.
 3. Display the Singly Linked List.
 4. EXIT.
 Your Choice: 1

 ENTER ITEM: 34


 MENU:
 1. Insert a node.
 2. Delete a node.
 3. Display the Singly Linked List.
 4. EXIT.
 Your Choice: 1

 ENTER ITEM: 56

 ENTER POSITION: 2


 MENU:
 1. Insert a node.
 2. Delete a node.
 3. Display the Singly Linked List.
 4. EXIT.
 Your Choice: 1

 ENTER ITEM: 67

 ENTER POSITION: 3


 MENU:
 1. Insert a node.
 2. Delete a node.
 3. Display the Singly Linked List.
 4. EXIT.
 Your Choice: 3

 The Nodes:

 [ - 34 - 56 - 67 - ]

 MENU:
 1. Insert a node.
 2. Delete a node.
 3. Display the Singly Linked List.
 4. EXIT.
 Your Choice: 1

 ENTER ITEM: 12

 ENTER POSITION: 1


 MENU:
 1. Insert a node.
 2. Delete a node.
 3. Display the Singly Linked List.
 4. EXIT.
 Your Choice: 3

 The Nodes:

 [ - 12 - 34 - 56 - 67 - ]

 MENU:
 1. Insert a node.
 2. Delete a node.
 3. Display the Singly Linked List.
 4. EXIT.
 Your Choice: 1

 ENTER ITEM: 0

 ENTER POSITION: 6

 Position entered is over limits.

 MENU:
 1. Insert a node.
 2. Delete a node.
 3. Display the Singly Linked List.
 4. EXIT.
 Your Choice: 2

 ENTER POSITION: 3


 MENU:
 1. Insert a node.
 2. Delete a node.
 3. Display the Singly Linked List.
 4. EXIT.
 Your Choice: 3

 The Nodes:

 [ - 12 - 34 - 67 - ]

 MENU:
 1. Insert a node.
 2. Delete a node.
 3. Display the Singly Linked List.
 4. EXIT.
 Your Choice: 4

 Exiting.. 


Qx12. WAP to implement Stacks using Linked Lists.

posted Feb 9, 2011, 9:55 AM by Neil Mathew   [ updated Feb 9, 2011, 9:57 AM ]

SOURCE CODE:

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#include <stdio.h>
 
struct node
{
       int info;
       struct node * next;
}*top,*temp;
 
 
void PUSH(int item)
{
struct node *newnode;
newnode = (struct node *) malloc ( sizeof(struct node) );
 
if(newnode==NULL)
printf(" NO SPACE LEFT ");
else
{
    
newnode->info=item;
 
if( top == NULL )
{ 
newnode->next=NULL;
top=newnode;
}
else 
{ 
newnode->next=top;
top=newnode;
}
 
} //end of outer else
}// end of func
 
 
void POP()
{
if(top==NULL)
printf("\n Stack Empty. \n");
else
{
printf("\n Node with Info=%d is deleted. \n", top->info);
temp=top;
top=top->next;
free(temp);
}
}
 
void DISPLAY()
{
if(top==NULL)
printf("\n Stack is empty. ");
else
{
temp=top;
 
printf("\n");
while(temp!=NULL)
{
printf("\n |%d| ", temp->info);
temp=temp->next;
}
printf("\n");
}//end of else
}     
 
 
int main()
{
    int item,ch=1;
    top=NULL;
 
    
   while(ch!=4)
    {
    printf("\n MENU: ");
    printf("\n 1. Insert a node. ");
    printf("\n 2. Delete a node. ");
    printf("\n 3. Display Stack. ");
    printf("\n 4. EXIT \n Your Choice: ");
    scanf("%d",&ch);
    
    switch(ch)
    {
    case 1: //INSERT
        
    printf("\n ENTER ITEM: ");
    scanf("%d", &item);
    
    PUSH(item);
    break;
    
    case 2: //DELETE
    POP();
    break;
    
    case 3: //DISPLAY
    DISPLAY();
    break;
    
    case 4: 
    printf("\n Exiting.. ");
    break;
    
    default: printf(" INVALID CHOICE. ");
    
    }
    
    }; //end of while loop
    return 0;
    
}
 

OUTPUT:

MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Stack. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 1

 ENTER ITEM: 64

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Stack. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 1

 ENTER ITEM: 89

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Stack. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 1

 ENTER ITEM: 90

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Stack. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 3


 |90| 
 |89| 
 |64| 

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Stack. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 2

 Node with Info=90 is deleted. 

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Stack. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 2


 |89| 
 |64| 

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Stack. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 4

 Exiting.. 

Qx11. WAP to implement Queues using Linked Lists.

posted Feb 9, 2011, 9:17 AM by Neil Mathew   [ updated May 5, 2011, 6:25 PM ]


SOURCE CODE:

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#include<stdio.h>
 
struct node
{
       int info;
       struct node * next;
}*start, *rear, *temp;
 
 
void INS(int item)
{
 
struct node *newnode;
newnode = (struct node *) malloc ( sizeof(struct node) );
 
if(newnode==NULL)
printf(" NO SPACE LEFT ");
else
{
    
newnode->info=item;
newnode->next=NULL;
 
if( start == NULL )
{ 
start=newnode;
rear=newnode;
}
else // INS at END
{ 
rear->next = newnode;
rear=rear->next;
}
 
} //end of outer if
}// end of func
 
void DEL()
{
 
if(start==NULL)
printf("\n No item to delete. Queue is empty. \n");
else
{
 
printf("\n Node with Info = %d is Deleted. \n", start->info );
temp=start;
start=start->next;
free(temp);
 
}
 
}
 
void DISPLAY()
{
if(start==NULL)
printf("\n Queue is empty. No Nodes. ");
else
{
temp=start;
 
printf("\n |");
while(temp!=NULL)
{
printf(" - |%d|", temp->info);
temp=temp->next;
}
printf(" - | \n");
}//end of else
}     
 
int main()
{
    int item,ch=1;
    start=rear=NULL;
 
    
   while(ch!=4)
    {
    printf("\n MENU: \n");
    printf(" 1. Insert a node. ");
    printf("\n 2. Delete a node. ");
    printf("\n 3. Display Queue. ");
    printf("\n 4. EXIT \n Your Choice: ");
    scanf("%d",&ch);
    
    switch(ch)
    {
    case 1: //INSERT
        
    printf("\n ENTER ITEM: ");
    scanf("%d", &item);
    
    INS(item);
    break;
    
    case 2: //DELETE
    DEL();
    break;
    
    case 3: //DISPLAY
    DISPLAY();
    break;
    
    case 4: 
    printf("\n Exiting.. ");
    break;
    
    default: printf(" INVALID CHOICE. ");
    
    }
    
    }; //end of while loop
    
    return 0;
    
}
 

OUTPUT:


 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Queue. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 1

 ENTER ITEM: 64

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Queue. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 1

 ENTER ITEM: 89

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Queue. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 1

 ENTER ITEM: 90

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Queue. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 3

 | - |64| - |89| - |90| - | 

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Queue. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 2

 Node with Info = 64 is Deleted. 

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Queue. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 3

 | - |89| - |90| - | 

 MENU: 
 1. Insert a node. 
 2. Delete a node. 
 3. Display Queue. 
 4. EXIT 
 Your Choice: 4

 Exiting.. 


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